Jewish army veterans built the synagogue in 1906, including those who were conscripted by force as children, some of them as young as eight.
Known as Jewish Cantonists, they fell victim to a policy from 1827 to 1856, which forced Jewish communities to give up 10 children older than 12 for every 1,000 members.
The children were placed in military boarding houses and drafted for 20 years when they matured. Tsarist Russia had some 75,000 Jewish Cantonists, as well as some 300,000 non-Jewish soldiers who’d been abducted as children.
Many Jewish Cantonists were converted to Christianity, but some, including the founders of the Tomsk synagogue, resisted considerable pressure by their commanders to convert, according to a book on the subject by Rabbi Yosef Mendelevitch, a former Soviet refusenik now living in Jerusalem.
The renovations are set to turn the Soldiers’ Synagogue into a museum, said Kaminetsky. The siddur discovered during the renovations will go on display there, he confirmed.